Subjects:  1. Gay Studies    2. Gender Studies    3. History    4. Human Sexuality    5. Psychology    6. Sex    7. Sex (Psychology)    8. Sex customs    9. Social Science    10. Sociology    11. History of ideas, intellectual history    12. Psychology | Sexuality    13. Sexual behaviour    14. Social Science / Gender Studies   

Reviews (6)

read "Alan Turing: The Enigma"by Andrew Hodges instead
If your interest is in Alan Turing, and you are only just becoming familiar with him, you would probably be better served reading what many regard as not only an excellent biography of Alan Turing, but an excellent piece of biographical writing in and of itself, Andrews Hodges' ALAN TURING: THE ENIGMA.The current copy on the American Amazon site is an expanded and pricey edition, so you may want to go to the the United Kingdom Amazon site to get the slimmer, earlier edition, which not only costs less, but was also the basis for the award-winning play BREAKING THE CODE.After you've read Hodges' work, and wish to read more about Turing and his work and theories from other perspectives, then you may want to avail yourself on some of these other texts.

I wish other reviewers would take a step back
As a dual computer science and English major, I find it refreshing when I stumble upon a computer science book that surveys the field from a more literary and philosophical perspective. (Galloway's "Protocol" is another example of such a work that I've encountered recently.)
Sad ending to a great genius
This book gives a clear and accessible account of the life and the mathematical achievements of Alan Turing and his contributions to the development of cryptanalysis and the modern computer. Turing apparently committed suicide in the early 1950's because the British authorities were hounding him about his homosexuality. He was a man ahead of his time in one too many ways! ... Read more

Subjects:  1. Artificial intelligence    2. Biography    3. Biography & Autobiography    4. Biography / Autobiography    5. Biography And Autobiography    6. Biography/Autobiography    7. Computers And Society    8. Gay men    9. General    10. Great Britain    11. History    12. History & Philosophy    13. Legal status, laws, etc.    14. Mathematicians    15. Scientists - General    16. Science / General   

Reviews (1)

queer pix
Altho the cover has that generic early-90s multiculti/ACTUP design look (EEK!) there's actually alot of good material in here. Rather than the usual collections of grad student mush, many of the writers actually knowgay media from the inside (even if some info is dated now). Especciallygood as an antidote to the feature film/hollywoodization of gaycinema.Read more

Subjects:  1. Cinema/Film: Book    2. Film & Video - History & Criticism    3. General    4. Homosexuality in motion pictur    5. Homosexuality in motion pictures    6. Sociology    7. Cultural studies    8. Film theory & criticism    9. Gay & Lesbian studies    10. Media, information & communication industries    11. Performing Arts / Mass Media   

Reviews (4)

Lively social justice history
Growing up in the so-called 'post civil' rights era with intergrated schooling, myself and other 'white' liberals do not conciously realize what risks our own involvement with this social change entailed for all demographics.
I Must Respond
I write this review to praise Mab Segrest's brilliant, beautiful writing: stylistically lovely, deeply insightful, politically powerful.This book is a must read for anyone invested in US cultural politics from the perspective of a passionate activist and incredibly talented writer (and speaker -- I had the privilege of seeing Mab live and she's FABULOUS).

Disgusting and contemptible
This book showcases the filthy ravings of a truly degenerate "human being."Read it for insight into the mind of a truly depraved individual. ... Read more

Subjects:  1. 1949-    2. Biography    3. Civil rights movements    4. Civil rights workers    5. History & Theory - Radical Thought    6. Lesbians    7. North Carolina    8. Politics / Current Events    9. Race relations    10. Segrest, Mab,    11. Social Science    12. Sociology    13. Southern States    14. Women's Studies - General    15. Ethnography    16. Gay & Lesbian studies    17. Social Science / Women's Studies   

Reviews (4)

I'm now a history lover!
What a great book!I never liked any type of history.I almost failed it in high school.This book has changed that for me.The only reason I read this book in the first place was because the author is a friend of mine, so I felt obligated to read it.Otherwise I never would have considered it.Well, I was glued to it the entire time reading it.Not only did I find it riveting, angering, thought provoking and scary, but I actually learned a lot about history that I never paid attention to in high school!I also found it quite timely, and I feel like we're going through many of the same things in politics now.(John Ashcroft = Joe McCarthy)
Marvelous
Rarely does a work of history both capture a particular moment in time and resonate so deeply with issues alive in contemporary public culture.As the country debates the possibility of gay marriage and the possible meanings of these unions, David Johnson's The Lavender Scare reminds us that homosexuality has at least one other time been conjured up as the nation's "bugaboo" during a period of political shifts and broad cultural change.In an account that is as riveting as it is sobering, Johnson shows how "containment of sexuality was as central to 1950s America as containment of communism."The issue of homosexuality sat at the center of discussions about "national security" during the Cold War period, resulting in the persecution and ouster of hundreds of gay (and suspected gay) federal workers. Illuminates a Dark History
Cold war and McCarthyism are familiar topics from historians as America's fear of Communists and its reaction to this fear are interpreted from every side of the political spectrum.David K. Johnson does something different and, in its special way, far more important.The author, in The Lavender Scare, looks at how the cold war fears were used to hound gay men and women out of the federal service and how this continued unabated long after the Communist hysteria died down.It is fascinating, and horrifying, to witness how politicians used their fear and ignorance of "the perverts" for their own political ends and used the fear of Communists as a cover for their attacks.The case presented in this book is well researched and the voices from both sides are used, even from those voices of the gay men and lesbians which had to be silent at the time.This books holds valuable lessons (and warnings) for our own fraught times.A valuable addition to the literature of the history of the Cold War. ... Read more

Subjects:  1. Gay Studies    2. Gender Studies    3. Government - U.S. Government    4. History - General History    5. Lesbian Studies    6. Political History    7. Social Science    8. Sociology    9. United States - 20th Century    10. United States - 20th Century (1945 to 2000)    11. American history: postwar, from c 1945 -    12. Central government policies    13. Gay & Lesbian studies    14. Social Science / Gay Studies    15. USA    16. c 1945 to c 1960    17. c 1960 to c 1970   

Reviews (4)

Breathtaking
Here is a memoire of life in Berlin during the Nazi regime from the perspective of a gay Jew. Gad Beck was an organizer and friend to many who lived illegally during that period, finding shelter and food and providing friendship and support.That he was openly gay was not important during that period - there were more important thiongs to worry about.
It captured me the first few pages
Gad Beck brought to life not only the cruelty to the jews but also the cruelty of the gay and lesbian people of the Nazi Era. I had to do a research paper for a Holocaust in Literature class I took my junior year in high school...and I was entralled the whole time I read this book. It shocked me, it horrified me...and I loved it.

A Triumph of the Gay Spirit
Beck gives us a glimpse of a gay man's coming of age in Nazi Berlin. It is not only erotic but holds up a light by which all aspects of love should be measured. Once again, the Gay Spirit has triumphed over bigotry,intolerance, and in this case even the holocaust. ... Read more

Subjects:  1. 1923-    2. Beck, Gad,    3. Berlin    4. Biography    5. Biography & Autobiography    6. Biography / Autobiography    7. Biography/Autobiography    8. Gay Studies    9. Germany    10. Historical - General    11. Historical - Holocaust    12. Holocaust    13. Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)    14. Jewish gays    15. Jews    16. Personal narratives    17. Specific Groups - Male Gay Studies    18. 20th century    19. Biography: general    20. Gay studies (Gay men)    21. Jewish studies    22. The Holocaust   

Subjects:  1. Performing Arts    2. Performing Arts/Dance    3. Pop Arts / Pop Culture    4. Television - History & Criticism    5. Lesbian studies    6. Media studies    7. Popular culture    8. Television   

Editorial Review

It shouldn't be a fascinating read, this book--it really shouldn't. It'sjust higher gossip about how Wallis Simpson took a younger lover after hermarriage to Edward, and how she and said lover enjoyed nights of "nonpenetrativeand principally oral sex." I mean, who cares? Shouldn't our minds be on higherthings?Read more

Reviews (7)

Good writing...
But, the story is so tawdry & Jimmy Donahue so scurvy, it's a hard read.The author presents information about his upbringing that tries to make you feel a little sympathy for Donahue but it's hard to feel sympathy for such a loser.The Duke & Duchess of Windsor were wastes of human beings, too.The more you read about them the more discouraged you get.What wasted opportunities!They could have done so much good but were such selfish, self-centered & STUPID people.No wonder the Royal Family can't stand to hear their names mentioned.The book reads kind of like a prolonged Dominick Dunne article in Vanity Fair.

Take it to the beach...
OK, so the author isn't going to win the Nobel Prize for Literature for this book.But why should he? It's a book about an affair. A tawdry affair at that. I'd had hopes, but...
This book doesn't do much more than re-hash rumor, gossip and innuendo--and some facts--that I've already read in better-written, more thorough and scholarly biographies of the Windsors.I didn't notice any glaring inaccuracies; on the other hand, I didn't notice that the author broke any new ground.He seems to have relied heavily on previously published biographies of the Duke, the Duchess, and the British Royal Family in general, all of which a serious Windsorite will have already read.Also--let's face it--we read books like this one to be titillated, and the author fails utterly to titillate us.Save your money. ... Read more

Subjects:  1. 1894-1972    2. Biography    3. Biography & Autobiography    4. Biography / Autobiography    5. Biography/Autobiography    6. Duchess of,    7. Duke of,    8. Europe - Great Britain - General    9. Gay men    10. Great Britain    11. Historical - British    12. Nobility    13. Rich & Famous    14. Royalty    15. Socialites    16. Specific Groups - Male Gay Studies    17. United States    18. Windsor, Edward,    19. Windsor, Wallis Warfield,    20. History / Great Britain   

Features

• Bargain Price

Reviews (15)

The Lives within Lives of Anthony Blunt.
Miranda Carter has written a splendid book about Anthony Blunt, appropriately subtitled, "his lives." Reading aboutthe Cambridge Fellow, Soldier, Double Agent, Art-Historian, Director of the Cortauld Institute, Surveyor of the King's/Queens Pictures, etc., etc., is like peeling an onion, or perhaps--more appropriately--opening a Russian Matrioshka doll. As one probes into a deeper layer one discovers yet another persona, and although one might begin to understand Blunt's motives, one never really gets to know who he really was, thanks to his ability to compartmentalize his multifarious activities and interests.
Utterly Fascinating
Anthony Blunt was a child of the British Establishment, born to a middle class family with Church of England and royal connections.He received a fine education at Marlborough and Cambridge and became one of the most acclaimed art historians and teachers in Britain in the twentieth century.At the same time, he was a spy for the Soviets.The story of how Blunt became a communist, worked against his country while supposedly serving it in MI5 during World War II, then became a courtier for two monarchs and the highly regarded head of the Courtald Institute, which he made into one of the finest art schools in the country, is fascinating. Why did the author knock author John Costello?
Carter wins on giving us numerous minutia about Blount's life and his odd selection of friends. But her book was not of great interest to a reader who was aware of Blount's peculiar nature and interest in art. It is difficult to understand how Blount or his friends, seemed completly oblivious of politics as Carter has laid out. Unless she is making the case that Blount was the perfect mole - at all times on guard against exposure. But I don't think she is trying to make that case.Carter gives us a blur of names, quotes, and a failure to find mention of expected comments in corresspondence such as the passing of Blount's father. It may be Carter's intention to show Blount's world as an extremely focused life which was hardly influenced by outside events; such as the end of World War One and the rise of Communism. I suspect Carter is trying to explain Blount as a Good Boy Who Does Bad Things. ... Read more

Subjects:  1. 1907-1983    2. 1907-1983    3. Great Britain    4. History    5. 20th century    6. Biography / Autobiography    7. Historical - General    8. Historical - British    9. Specific Groups - Male Gay Studies    10. Political    11. Biography & Autobiography    12. Bargain    13. Great Britain   

Subjects:  1. 20th century    2. California    3. Gay Studies    4. Gay liberation movement    5. Gays    6. History    7. Identity    8. Political activity    9. San Francisco    10. Social Science    11. Sociology    12. Sociology - General    13. Gay & Lesbian studies    14. Social Science / Sociology / General   

Subjects:  1. Gay Studies    2. Gay men    3. Gender Studies    4. History & Surveys - General    5. Homosexuality    6. Lesbian Studies    7. Lesbianism    8. Philosophy    9. Social change    10. Sociology - Social Theory    11. Cultural studies    12. Gay & Lesbian studies    13. Philosophy / History, Criticism, Surveys   

Reviews (6)

An invaluable compendium on Ancient Greek pederasty.
This work, the product of years of meticulous scholarship, can be divided into three sections:first, an investigation into the many theories proposed to explain the origins of Greek pederasty; second, Percy's theory that attributes the origins of Pederasty to the 7th century Cretans; and third, a detailed description of how pederasty evolved and manifested itself in different ways across the Ancient Greek world.
eye opening
if this book is anywhere near true, men have been missing out on a lot of action for almost two thousand years Scholarship without prejudice
As the late Irish writer, scholar and philosopher, Iris Murdoch, observed, early Greek history `is a game with very few pieces, where the skill of the player lies in complicating the rules'.It is the nature of this `game' which underlies William Armstrong Percy's detailed examination of the origin and spread of pederasty in ancient Greece.Sparse and fragmentary evidence together with the consequent difficulties of interpretation pose particular problems for the objective historian:speculative play is inevitable, and to some extent, the juggling of sources as a means of furthering the author's historical predilections.Read more

Subjects:  1. Ancient - Greece    2. Gay Studies    3. Gay/Lesbian Nonfiction    4. History - General History    5. Human Sexuality    6. Lesbian Studies    7. Social Science    8. Ancient Greece    9. European history: BCE to c 500 CE    10. Gay & Lesbian studies   

Reviews (3)

Renaissance lesbianism
This is the true story of a mother superior named Sister Benedetta Carlini and another nun from a small village near Florence in 17th century Italy who basically liked to rub bodies together in bed until they reached orgasm. This if course was a big no-no if you're a nun sworn to chastity. People found out and there was a trial in which the private sex life of these two nunnies was exposed. The scandal made them both lose their reputations. This is one of the earliest and most sensationalistic accounts of lesbian love on record. The fact that it was between two nuns makes it just that much more shocking and intriguing.(...)

Excellent writing!
This book is a fabulous depiction of the Italian nun, Benedetta Carlini, whose drive for ambition in the Catholic church drove her to get the help of her lesbian lover to create the illusion of stigmata.Through this, she moves to new heights of power and respect in the church and brings money and fortune to the church...but upon accusations and scrutiny, she's brought down to pay for her ambition.The story is a tenderly told one.It has feminist elements and deals with the desperate desire of spoils, along with a not-so-pretty picture of the Church.

One of my all-time favorites
If you are interested in Renaissance Italy, gender studies, or the history of the Christian Church, this book is for you.This book presents the story of an ambitious abbess on the road to sainthood a la Catherine ofSiena and her fall from grace as she becomes too powerful for the comfortof her male collegues. It is the story of the making and unmaking of asaint.This is one of my favorite books of all time. ... Read more

Subjects:  1. Biography / Autobiography    2. Europe - Italy    3. General    4. History    5. History: American    6. United States - General    7. Women's Studies - General    8. Biography: general    9. Christian communities & monasticism    10. History, World | Medieval    11. Italy    12. Roman Catholicism, Roman Catholic Church    13. Social Science / Women's Studies   

Editorial Review

If your last piece of golden-era Hollywood gossip is that Greta Garbo and Cecil Beaton kissed at a rooftop party, you need to steep yourself in William J. Mann's social history of gay Hollywood, a treasure trove of fresh anecdotes and observations of a period and place in which homosexuals enjoyed tremendous freedom and influence--within certain obvious limits. In choosing subjects for his study, Mann cast his net widely, hauling in a great number of uncelebrated but essential workers in the "queer" areas of the film industry--mainly costume design and props, but also writing, directing and acting. This is not principally a look at famous figures, in other words, but at a subculture as a whole, in which Dorothy Arzner, George Cukor, and Charles Laughton are just part of larger circles of gay life and work. Certain to become essential to gay film studies, Read more

Reviews (16)

Could have been better...
Much of this book is of the "he said/she said" mentality. Despite what the author claims, there isn't much to back up alot of what he claims are "facts." I was disappointed.

Excellent study of gays and lesbians in Hollywood
I found this book to be extremely interesting, and, ultimately, hard to forget. It is a well-researched account of what life was like in Hollywood for gays and lesbians, both pre-Code and post.While it is true that the book is comprehensive, and many, many people are discussed, I didn't find this to be problematic.They were not necessarily names which I recognized, but that was why I was reading the book.If I had a little trouble remembering who he was referring to in a given section, I let that go and read for content.What the people experienced.Why they did.How they felt about it. Interesting, but almost too exhaustive
I found the thesis of this book to be worthy of attention, but perhaps the extent to which the author evaluates the subject is a bit much.The book is not an easy read, at times it feels like a laundry-list of the life and times of EVERY SINGLE gay man or woman involved in the hollywood scene.The upshot of this approach is that the text is not bogged down with modern lore and urban legends about the great gay stars.They get about as much attention as everyone else, from cameramen to set decorators.The result is an absolutely comprehensive account of the lives of some very interesting men and women.Part of the theme of the text is the similarity of experience between the working/middle-class derived gay population.Perhaps that is what makes the text seem a little repetitive, so many of these people have such similar stories that you forget where you are in the book!As you can probably tell, I'm torn about this review, but all that said, this book has been an interesting read and will be a valuable reference in my library of books on film and filmmakers. ... Read more

Subjects:  1. Film & Video - History & Criticism    2. Gay Studies    3. Lesbian Studies    4. Performing Arts    5. Performing Arts/Dance    6. Pop Arts / Pop Culture    7. History / Social History   

Reviews (1)

Excellent work, essential reading for anyone looking for a rough guide to gay history.
This is an excellent collection of first-person narratives of gay life in America from 1945 to the present. The people interviewed cover everything from the Mattachine society to PFLAG to the GSA movement. Extremely useful for getting a broad look at the LGBT rights movement in America.
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Subjects:  1. Gay Studies    2. Gay liberation movement    3. Gay men    4. Gay rights    5. History    6. History: World    7. Modern - 20th Century    8. Social Science    9. Sociology    10. Sociology - General    11. United States    12. United States - 20th Century    13. Social Science / Gay Studies   

Features

• Illustrated

Reviews (3)

God, These Men Were Ugly
I bought this for my best friend who's gay. I almost hesitated doing so, the men in these photographs leave a WHOLE lot to be desired. He likes it, though, because he has a few of these old postcards, and is a photography buff to boot. So, I supposed just based on that, if someone you know shares that interest, they may like it.

A Major Contribution to the Field of Gender Studies
Writing in an erudite, scholarly manner Professor John Ibson has managed to present a substantive survey of the evolution of male gender perception in his PICTURING MEN: A Century of Male Relationships in Everyday American Photography.And for all its heavily researched scholarship, Ibson also has created a very tender elegy about the history of male intimacy, tracing the genuinely warm comraderie as depicted in extant studio and personal photographs rom the mid 19th Century to the gradual emergence of homophobia after World War II. Beautiful historical documentation
When my son first told me about this book, he had seen it briefly at a book signing.He told me that it was "a collection of old pictures of men together," and that it was not meant to be eroticism.He was right on both counts, but the book is so much more than that.It is a chronicle--historical documentation of a segment of our culture, a glimpse of part of who we were as a society that might have been lost had not John Ibson meticulously produced this work.Can you imagine that at one time in the not so distant past, men of all walks of life--cowboys, soldiers, athletes, businessmen--felt comfortable enough with each other to display their kinship openly?A hand laid firmly on a shoulder or knee, an arm draped around another man's neck--regardless of sexual orientation, these were demonstrations of genuine affection.I bought the book because I love black and white photography and for that I knew I would appreciate the book's significance.But there is far more there; John's commentary on the culture of our times is well-researched, insightful, and extremely well-written.For historians, sociologists, collectors and artists, this book is a must. ... Read more

Subjects:  1. Documentary Photo Collections    2. History    3. Male friendship    4. Men's Studies - General    5. Photo Techniques    6. Photoessays & Documentaries    7. Photography    8. Photography of men    9. Pictorial works    10. Social aspects    11. Sociology Of Men    12. Subjects & Themes - Portraits    13. United States    14. Gay men    15. History of specific subjects    16. Men's studies    17. Photographs: portraits    18. USA   

Reviews (6)

Of Queens and Heroism
The Stonewall Riots of June 28-July 3, 1969, following a police raid on an illegal, mafia-owned gay bar in New York's Greenwich Village, mark the decisive turning point in gay American history.The unprecedented uprising has taken on mythic dimension over the succeeding 35 years. Author and eyewitness Edmund White has compared Stonewall to the storming of the Bastille in 1789. Community lore has focused on colorful aspects of the melee, like the wresting of a parking meter from a sidewalk for use as a battering ram against police, the contemporaneous passing of Judy Garland, and the Rockette-style street theater participants used as a campy rebuke to the authorities. Yet given a lack of narrative detail about the events of the riots, Stonewall has become a metaphor for gay liberation while remaining vaguely understood.
Riveting.
I thought this book was excellent.It read like fiction, and was a real page turner.The book was unbelievably well researched, and I enjoyed very much reading about this critical turning point in history.My only query to the author is this: (as Marty Robinson's niece), why didn't you contact any of his family members?You did all of this amazing research... yet missed pieces of the puzzle by failing to contact those who new him in a way that others didn't.I wonder if you did the same with other central heroes in the book...Otherwise, I think this book should be required reading in every high school history class. Bravo.

A Pivotal Event
The Stonewall riots, beginning on June 27, 1969, in and around the Stonewall Inn in lower Manhattan, are pivotal at least in memory because they galvanized the gay liberation movement, which in the last generation has profoundly altered social attitudes toward gays and lesbians.The story is therefore well worth telling in itself, and particularly so since the original event has gradually become the subject of legend; further, the number of eyewitnesses who still survive is now beginning to dwindle.
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Subjects:  1. Gay Studies    2. Gender Studies    3. History    4. History - General History    5. History: American    6. Lesbian Studies    7. United States - 20th Century    8. United States - 20th Century/60s    9. History / United States / 20th Century   

Reviews (9)

An Excellent Expose
I read this work as part of a postmodern philosophy of the self class, and, among the esteemed company of Nietzsche and Heidegger, this book truly stands out as a great illumination of Foucault's life. The truth of the matter is, no matter whether or not you believe learning about an author adds to your understanding and enjoyment of his works, people will always want to know more. I found Miller's writing to be extremely precise and erudite without being unnecessarily technical or prosaic as biographies can sometimes be. Miller ties in Foucault's thought and philosophies to the story of his life in a way that allows one to really understand more about what Foucault was writing and why, and provides context to said works in a way that allows the reader to grasp it. Of course, reading "The Passion of Michel Foucault" isn't the same as reading the works of Foucault--nor is it a substitute--but I found it to be a fitting start--or end--to a study of the great philosopher he was.

Pure Garbage- Why Not Illuminate the Man's Thought Instead?
This book had been recommended me, as a Foucault freak, and I must say that I was immensely disappointed.As one of the above reviewers said, he's just digging up a bunch of dirt that doesn't have much redeeming value in the end.I love S&M myself but 200 pages detailing Foucault's odd and disturbing behaviors in his personal life did nothing whatsoever to illuminate, for me, the connections between his personal life and his works.Follow Martin Heidegger's advice here: don't learn anything about the life of the philosopher you seek to know, let his works speak for him!A lot of academics were offended when Heidegger taught Plato this very way- way back in the 1920s- but believe me, it is an approach which is not yet outdated.

Passionate Truth?
This book, based on the "philosophical life" of the late French philosopher Michel Foucault, reveals the mind of a man who was, says Miller, "one of the most original---and daring---thinkers of the century."Far from being just another biography of Foucault's life, Miller's thoroughly researched project demonstrates time and again the intimate interconnection between the way a life is lived and the thinking and writing that can come from that life.But this is much more than just an intellectual history.One Can't help but share in the passion that speaks through Miller's writing, powerfully earning this book its title.Read more

Subjects:  1. Foucault, Michel    2. Gay Studies    3. History & Surveys - Modern    4. Philosophers    5. Philosophy    6. Philosophy / Modern   

Subjects:  1. Ethics & Moral Philosophy    2. Gay & Lesbian    3. History & Surveys - General    4. Literary Criticism    5. Philosophy    6. Political    7. Jurisprudence & philosophy of law    8. Literary Criticism & Collections / General    9. Literary studies: general    10. Western philosophy, from c 1900 -   

Reviews (1)

Unique and Remarkable
What do we know about the gay parade back in the past?
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Subjects:  1. Documentary Photo Collections    2. Gay Studies    3. Gender Studies    4. Homosexuality    5. Photoessays & Documentaries    6. Social History    7. Social Science    8. Sociology    9. Gay & Lesbian studies    10. New York    11. Pageants, parades, festivals    12. Social Science / Gay Studies    13. c 1970 to c 1980